Monday, November 16, 2009

A new birth of creation still to come

Brad Sullivan

Proper 28, Year B
Sunday, November 15th, 2009
Emmanuel, Houston
1 Samuel 1:4-20
1 Samuel 2:1-10
Hebrews 10:19-25
Mark 13:1-8

Last week, we heard about the poor widow who put only two copper coins into the treasury of the temple while others put in vast sums of money. Considering that part of the purpose for the treasury was to take care of the widows, I spoke of possible problem going on with the temple in the first century, that the religion itself and had possibly become too important to the people, eclipsing God. Along a similar vein, we have another discussion in the reading today arising from a comment about the temple.

In today’s Gospel reading, immediately after the story from last week, some of Jesus’ disciples point out how wonderful all the buildings are. I can’t help but think they might be saying this in response to Jesus’ lesson in the temple. “You may say, Jesus, that the widow’s offering was great,” the disciples might have been saying, “but we wouldn’t have such wonderful buildings if everyone only gave a few copper coins.”

The disciples missed one of the points of Jesus’ previous lesson. They were still looking to the temple to find God’s glory. God’s glory, however, is not found or contained in buildings. Indeed, Jesus immediately tells the disciples that the temple will be destroyed. God would of course continue after the destruction of the temple. Ultimately, Jesus was saying, the temple doesn’t matter.

This was undoubtedly a big shock to the disciples who felt Jesus was the messiah and believed that the messiah would bring peace to Israel and that because of him, all nations would flock to Jerusalem, to worship in the temple. There were many prophecies which pointed this idea of peace for Israel coming through a messiah, an anointed king, and that as a part of this peace in Israel, the nations would no longer fight with Israel but flock to Israel to join with her. We find an example of this idea in the forth chapter of Micah:

In days to come the mountain of the Lord’s house shall be established as the highest of the mountains, and shall be raised up above the hills. Peoples shall stream to it, and many nations shall come and say: ‘Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; that he may teach us his ways and that we may walk in his paths.’ For out of Zion shall go forth instruction, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.

Tied to this prophecy was the temple, the Lord’s house on the highest of mountains, mount Zion in Jerusalem, where the temple stood. There is little wonder, then, that the disciples held the temple with such reverence. “Look Jesus, God’s glory is all around us, see how important all these buildings are.” No, Jesus says, the buildings are not important. They’re helpful, they’re useful, but ultimately, God will get along just fine without them. Jesus was changing the disciples’ understanding of God’s glory and of the prophecies.

The ideas of God, of his glory, and of all the nations flocking to God for instruction were so much greater and more cosmic in nature than the disciples realized. Look beyond the temple. Look beyond the present situation. Look beyond your own lives. Nation will rise against nation, there will be earthquakes, famines, false messiahs. Things are going to get really bad, and things are going to remain in some sense as they always have been. “This is but the beginning of the birth pangs,” Jesus said.

That’s always seemed like a very discouraging verse to me. All these bad things are going to happen, and it’s just the beginning of how bad things are going to get, but that’s not what Jesus says. He calls all of these painful events “birth pangs”. If these events are birth pangs, then it would seem there is a birth to follow.

Problems when religion gets in the way of God

Brad Sullivan

Proper 27, Year B
Sunday, November 8th, 2009
Emmanuel, Houston
Ruth 3:1-5; 4:13-17
Psalm 127
Hebrews 9:24-28
Mark 12:38-44

In our story from Ruth today, you may have noticed that there was a whole lot missing from the middle of the story, 24 verses which really explain what was going on in this story today. I assume some of y’all know the story of Ruth, but for those who don’t. Ruth was the daughter-in-law of Naomi. Naomi, her husband and her two sons were fairly well-to-do Israelites, but there was a famine so they moved away and found wives for their two sons, one of whom was Ruth.

Unfortunately, before very long, all three of the men died, and Naomi, Ruth, and Orpha, the other wife, were all widows. Orpha goes on back to her family, but Ruth seems to love her mother-in-law, Naomi, very much and clings to her. So, they return to Israel.

Now, as widows, Naomi and Ruth were in a tough spot. Back then, they couldn’t just go out and get jobs. Like it or not, by their society and culture back then, women were fairly dependent on men to provide, and so we see in the opening verses of our reading today, Naomi telling Ruth to seek some security by going to their kinsman Boaz. Ruth does so, and in the missing verses, we see a negotiation going on between Boaz and a nearer kinsman to Naomi and Ruth. The negotiation was basically about who would marry Ruth.

Naomi and Ruth had land. Like I said earlier Naomi and her family were fairly well-to-do. Now that they were widows, their nearest kinsmen could purchase the land thereby increasing his own holdings and helping to provide for the widows. The catch was, Boaz tells this nearer kinsman that if he bought the land, he would also have to marry Ruth and raise children for her. He did not want to do that because it might hurt his own financial standing, having to provide for kids, so he and Boaz agree that Boaz would acquire the land and marry Ruth, which we see at the end of our reading that he does.

Now again, we may not like women being negotiated over almost like property, not like property, but almost, however, we see in the actions of Boaz a man who was willing to take on some personal risk in order to care for the widows among them according to the rules of their society. Boaz was a righteous man, caring for the widow.

Fastforward around 900 years. In our Gospel story, today, Jesus is denouncing the scribes because they didn’t take care of the widows among them. Rather, Jesus says, the Scribes “devour widows’ houses”. What exactly that phrase means, I have not found, but here’s my speculation. Perhaps widows in Jesus’ time would sell their land and possessions in order to make ends meat. Scribes were often administrators even over financial matters so perhaps the scribes were taking a good portion of the sale for themselves and for the Temple treasury rather than leaving all of it with the widow.

We may say that even the widows should give something to the treasury, but the scribes were taking far more than they should have been. Further, part of the reason for the treasury was to take care of the widows. Every three years, a substantial part of the tithe was supposed to go to the widows to take care of them. By Jesus’ indictment, it seems that this practice may not have been happening either or at least not to the extent it should have been.

Then, we see the example of the widow giving her two copper coins. We tend to read this as an example of a widow with great faith, giving out of her extreme poverty, and then we all get to feel badly for not giving enough, even if in poverty. The story of the widow giving the coins, however, is placed right next to the indictment against the scribes for devouring widows’ houses. It seems to me that while this woman’s faith and generosity is praisworthy, she shouldn’t have been giving anything to the treasury, or at least not being asked to do so.

The administrators of the treasury should have been taking care of her, not the other way around, but they liked their honors and wealth and pretty clothes and flowing robes (and no, the irony of saying that while wearing an alb an chasuble is not lost on me). The scribes should have been acting like Boaz did when he took care of Naomi and Ruth. Instead, they placed their value on themselves and on the temple and the religion, even if it meant the people in their charge suffered.

But Daddy, I don't want to go to bed

Brad Sullivan

Proper 24, Year B
Sunday, October 18th, 2009
Emmanuel, Houston
Job 38:1-7 (34-41)
Psalm 104:1-9, 25, 37c
Hebrews 5:1-10
Mark 10:35-45

Are y’all aware of just how much young children dislike bedtime? My son, Noah, is no exception. If he had things his way, he’d stay up each nigh playing with Kristin and me until he had a total meltdown, was completely exhausted, and inconsolable. He just doesn’t want to go to bed. He wants to play, and he wants to be with Kristin and me. Fortunately for him, Kristin and I are pretty strict on his bedtime. We have a nighttime routine to help him wind down which ends with us reading a book and singing a song to him.

He is now at the point that he requests these things. “Book,” he says once one story is finished, or once we start singing to him, he says “Sing.” He keeps wanting to put off sleep, and he doesn’t know how good sleep is for him. He is mightily disappointed many nights when we finally put him in his crib and leave the room. What he doesn’t know is how much more miserable he’d be the next day if we didn’t make him go to sleep.

By enforcing his bedtime, we’ve got a way of life for Noah that he doesn’t like and doesn’t understand, but it’s a better way of life than he would chose for himself. I bring this up as an analogy for how we humans often relate to the ways of life God has given us. We truly are like little children, with God as our loving parent. God has given us ways of life which we may not initially like or which may not make intuitive sense to us, but by trusting in God, we may just find God’s way of life to be better for us than the way we might choose on our own.

Turning to the Gospel for today, we find James and John with their own ideas for a way of life they’d like to follow. “Lord, my brother and I have been talking, and we know you have other disciples than just the two of us, but we also know we’re really a bit smarter and more capable than the rest of those guys, so we were thinking it would really be a smart move for you if, once you’ve taken over everything, if you made us the second and third most important people in the world, right behind you, of course. Does that sound ok, doable Jesus, if we’re the second and third most important people in the world?”

James and John were definitely being a little bit presumptuous when they asked Jesus if they could at his right and left hand, but I also like to think they were also simply showing there affection for Jesus. I like to think that they really loved Jesus and they really wanted him to love them back. He did of course, but I get they feeling they wanted his approval, like the less cool kid in school wanting approval from the really really cool kid in school. Maybe James and John were just plain old power hungry, but I like to give them the benefit of the doubt that their motives were a little bit out of love than merely out of desire for power.

Whatever their motives, we know that they certainly misunderstood what living in God’s kingdom really is. So Jesus, of course, took the opportunity to teach them. Living in God’s kingdom is not a life of power and domination, but a life of service and love. “You really want greatness,” Jesus said, “then serve other people.” Be meek, not great.

Jesus’ teaching about true greatness is about as counter-intuitive as it comes. Be great and mighty by being a humble servant. That just doesn’t make a whole lot of logical sense in our world of the powerful ruling over the less powerful, and so because Jesus teaching is so counter-intuitive, following that teaching takes a great deal of faith.

One type of faith could be simple obedience. Jesus said to do this so I feel I must obey. This obedience may be done somewhat out of fear. That’s ok. After all, “the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom,” but I’d like to emphasize that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, not the end of wisdom. Moving beyond that beginning with the fear of the Lord, we can come to a place of trust and love.

So, another type of faith, a faith that goes beyond obedience not only obeys but trusts. This faith says, “I trust in God. I trust in his goodnes, and I trust that the way of life he taught really is better than another way of life. If Jesus says ‘greatness comes from being a servant,’ then I will trust that he is telling the truth because I believe that he is good and has our best interests at heart when he teaches us his way.”

This faith does not require understanding. It may seek understanding, but understanding how or why the way Jesus taught us to live is better than any other way is not necessary for us to follow in Jesus’ way. This faith follows Jesus’ way out of trust.

I like to think that James and John had this trusting faith in Jesus when he told them that true greatness means being a servant. By the fact that James and John continued to be Jesus’ disciples, I think it’s safe to assume that they submitted submitted to Jesus’ teaching about true greatness. They likely didn’t understand Jesus’ teaching, and they were probably a little embarrased by his teaching. They had asked to be rulers of the world, Jesus said no, and then he taught all of the disciples that James and John were seeking the wrong thing, that true greatness means being a servant.

Despite their embarrasment, however, James and John stayed with Jesus, continued following him, and giving them the benefit of the doubt once more, I like to think they followed Jesus and submitted to his teaching not only out of fearful obedience, but out of loving trust. I like to think that while Jesus’ teaching made no sense to them, that they decided to follow Jesus’ teaching because they trusted in Jesus that his teaching was true and good and beneficial.